28–33 Weeks (N = 38) | 34–36 Weeks (N = 31) | 37–40 Weeks (N = 36) | P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 22.8 ± 0.6 | 22.4 ± 0.8 | 21.9 ± 0.6 | 0.635 |
Pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 27.0 ± 0.6 | 27.5 ± 0.8 | 27.7 ± 0.7 | 0.923 |
Maternal age (years) | 34.5 ± 0.9 | 32.9 ± 0.7 | 33.9 ± 0.7 | 0.368 |
Multiple gestation | 17 (48.6%) | 11 (36.7%) | 5 (14.7%) | 0.009 |
Gestational diabetes, n (%) | 7 (18.4%) | 2 (6.5%) | 1 (2.8%) | 0.090 |
Oligohydroamnios, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (2.8%) | 0.646 |
Pregnancy-induced hypertension, n (%) | 3 (7.9%) | 4 (9.7%) | 1 (2.8%) | 0.619 |
Birth weight (g) | 1605 ± 63 | 2416 ± 51 | 3137 ± 37 | < 0.001 |
Birth weight SDS | 0.12 ± 0.1 | − 0.28 ± 0.11 | 0.22 ± 0.1 | 0.003 |
Birth length (cm) | 41.3 ± 0.5 | 47.2 ± 0.4 | 49.7 ± 0.3 | 0.009 |
Head Circumference (cm) | 29.4 ± 0.5 | 32.2 ± 0.2 | 34.2 ± 0.2 | < 0.001 |
BMI | 9.36 ± 0.2 | 10.95 ± 0.17 | 12.7 ± 0.15 | < 0.001 |
BMI SDS | 0.23 ± 0.14 | −0.31 ± 0.13 | −0.04 ± 0.1 | 0.013 |
IGF-1 (ng/mL) | 10.01 ± 0.68 | 14.80 ± 1.34 | 17.58 ± 1.18 | < 0.001 |
Leptin (ng/mL) | 2.13 ± 0.59 | 5.25 ± 1.31 | 7.68 ± 0.92 | < 0.001 |