Testicular volumes revisited: A proposal for a simple clinical method that can closely match the volumes obtained by ultrasound and its clinical application

Table 3 Testicular Volumes (ml) Obtained by Ultrasound in Normal Children and Adults Reported by 4 Groups Compared with Volumes in Our Study Subjects Obtained Clinically by Formula

Age group	Osemlak[6] Mean ± SD	Goede et al.[7] Mean ± SD	Kuijper et al.[21] Mean ± SD	Our study subjects (W-ss)³ x 0.64 Mean ± SD
1 month	(17) 0.35 ± 0.12		(31) 0.27 ± 0.02
2 to 12 months	(17) 0.5 ± 0.24	(40) 0.48 ± 0.13	(216) 0.44 ± 0.03 0.31 ± 0.02
2 years	(17) 0.55 ± 0.22	(38) 0.46 ± 0.09	0.31
3 years	(17) 0.64 ± 0.19	(36) 0.51 ± 0.15	0.31	(24) 0.46 ± 0.07
4 years	(17) 0.78 ± 0.21	(38) 0.51 ± 0.16	0.31
5 years	(17) 0.67 ± 0.19	(48) 0.58 ± 0.15	0.31
6 years	(17) 0.78 ± 0.24	(42) 0.63 ± 0.26	0.31
7 years	(17) 0.68 ± 0.21	(62) 0.65 ± 0.17		(22) 0.56 ± 0.09
8 years	(17) 0.81 ± 0.23	(59) 0.66 ± 0.22		(22) 0.56 ± 0.09
9 years	(17) 0.85 ± 0.31	(53) 0.79 ± 0.46		(36) 0.65 ± 0.19
10 years	(18) 1.36 ± 0.61	(49) 0.97 ± 0.51		(36) 0.65 ± 0.19
11 years	(18) 1.94 ± 1.41	(60) 1.33 ± 1.03		(50) 2.56 ± 1.24
12 years	(17) 3.29 ± 2.99	(55) 2.33 ± 1.77		(50) 2.56 ± 1.24
13 years	(18) 5.37 ± 2.92	(47) 4.42 ± 2.66		(18) 4.28 ± 0.96
14 years	(17) 4.98 ± 2.68	(35) 7.31 ± 4.11		(58) 8.01 ± 2.58
15 years	(17) 8.71 ± 2.52	(26) 8.69 ± 2.91		(58) 8.01 ± 2.58
16 years	(17) 11.8 ± 4.91	(31) 11.51 ± 3.03		(36) 12.45 ± 1.99
17 years	(17) 12.83 ± 3.94	(27) 12.12 ± 2.8		(36) 12.45 ± 1.99
18 years		(23) 13.73 ± 3.51		(56) 13.16 ± 2.67
Adults	Bahk et al.[22] W x H x L x 0.52			(W-ss)³ x 0.64
	(1139)	*Lt. 13.46 ± 2.65 Rt. 13.29 ± 2.82		(102) 13.12 ± 3.17
	W x H x L x 0.71			(W-ss)³ x 0.88
	(1139)	Lt. 18.37 ± 3.62 Rt. 18.13 ± 3.85		(102) 18.05 ± 4.36

Legend: (#) Number of observations. The US equation used by Osemlak and Goede et al. and Kuijper et al. was W x H x L x 0.52.
* The equation used by Bahk et al. was W x H x L x 0.71. The volumes were divided by 1.365 to obtain volumes determined with the constant 0.52 (0.71/0.52 = 1.365).

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