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Genital measurements are a useful adjunct in the early detection of various endocrine conditions including hypopituitarism and disorders of sexual differentiation. Standards for genital sizes have been publish...
Hypoparathyroidism in children is a heterogeneous group with diverse genetic etiologies. To aid clinicians in the investigation and management of children with hypoparathyroidism, we describe the phenotype of ...
Rabson Mendenhall syndrome is a rare endocrine condition characterized by severe insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. It occurs due to mutations in the insulin receptor gene. Few mutations which are associate...
In pediatric patients, basal testosterone and gonadotropin levels may be uninformative in the assessment of testicular function. Measurement of serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has become increasingly widesp...
Long-term growth hormone (GH) treatments in short children born small for gestational age (SGA) restore lipid metabolism, but also increase insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influen...
We report the case of a 6 year old boy suffering from adenohypophysis aplasia as well as ectopic neurohypophysis and delayed diagnosis of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF).
Little is known about the comparative effects of different glucocorticoids on the adrenal and growth hormone (GH) axes in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). We sought to compare the effects of...
Agranulocytosis is regarded as a rare side effect of methimazole (MMI) therapy that occurs in a dose dependent manner and that usually develops within the first 3–6 months of treatment. Although delayed develo...
In girls with Idiopathic Central Precocious Puberty (ICPP) concern has been raised by the potential impact of GnRH-analogues (GnRHa) treatment on body weight. We evaluated the effect of GnRHa on Body Mass Inde...
Insulinoma is a rare diagnosis in the general population with estimates of 1 in 250,000 people per year. Reports of these pancreatic islet cell tumors are even more unusual in children and adolescents. Chronic...
One third of infants with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) are said to have micropenis and/or bilateral or unilateral cryptorchidism leading many of them to orchiopexy. Our previous study in two ...
17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 (17βHSD3) deficiency is a rare cause of disorder of sex development (DSD) due to impaired conversion of androstenedione to testosterone. Traditionally, the diagnosis was...
47 XXY/46 XX mosaicism with characteristics suggesting Klinefelter syndrome is very rare and at present, only seven cases have been reported in the literature.
Classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) requires lifetime steroid replacement and supraphysiologic glucocorticoid dose is often required for adequate adrenal androgen suppression. Patients often suffer fr...
The subject of whether all girls with central precocious puberty (CPP) require brain imaging is controversial.
Women with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have a four-fold increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to non-diabetic (non-DM) women, as opposed to double the risk in T1D men compared to non-DM men. It is...
Adolescents with childhood onset growth hormone deficiency (CO-GHD) require re-evaluation of their growth hormone (GH) axis on attainment of final height to determine eligibility for adult GH therapy (rhGH).
Hypopituitarism and obesity are causes of major lifelong morbidity in patients with optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH). Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) affects the majority of children with ONH, though the degree of...
The editor of International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology would like to thank all of the reviewers who have contributed to the journal in 2015.
Premature thelarche (PT) seems to be increasing and it is difficult to differentiate its early stages from precocious puberty (PP). Clinical and biochemical parameters are warranted to differentiate the two di...
Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) results from a number of conditions affecting the hypothalamic-neurohypophyseal system to cause vasopressin deficiency. Diagnosis of CDI is challenging, and clinical data and g...
Parental support and care-coordination are vital for youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in achieving positive health outcomes. Yet, studies are rarely designed to identify factors that influence parent/youth col...
We reviewed our institutional experience in the diagnosis and management of pediatric thyroid nodules and well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (WDTC), highlighting the unique challenges in this population.
Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH) testing is used to evaluate suspected adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency, but the clinical characteristics that affect response in young children are incomplete...
Outcome information regarding females with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) have generally suggested poor quality of life (QoL), general maladjustment, problems regarding sexuality, and decreased...
The focal form of congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is characterized by a cluster of abnormal insulin-oversecreting β cells within a restricted area of the pancreas. Although identification of the focal lesion ...
Turner syndrome (TS) and Noonan syndrome (NS) are distinct syndromes associated with short stature and other similar phenotypic features. We compared the responses to growth hormone (GH) therapy of TS and NS p...
Cushing Syndrome is difficult to diagnose, and the comorbidities and persistent late effects of hypercortisolemia after treatment of the primary disease are challenging for the patient and the endocrinologist.
Turner syndrome is a chromosomal abnormality in which there is complete or partial absence of the X chromosome. Turner syndrome effects 1 in every 2000 live births. Short stature is a cardinal feature of Turne...
Congenital hyperinsulinism leads to unregulated insulin secretion and hypoglycemia. Diagnosis can be difficult and genetic testing may be warranted.
Pediatric pituitary adenomas are rare, accounting for <3 % of all childhood intracranial tumors, the majority of which are prolactinomas. Consequently, they are often misdiagnosed as other suprasellar masses s...
Gonadal dysgenesis (GD) is associated with increased risk of gonadal malignancy. Determining a patient’s risk and appropriate timing of gonadectomy is challenging, but immunohistochemical markers (IHM) may hel...
Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is characterized by 4 to 6 months of amenorrhea and elevated serum FSH and LH in females less than 40 years. Ovarian insufficiency is uncommon in pediatrics and typically re...
11β-hydroxylase deficiency is the second most common form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Untreated, this enzyme deficiency leads to virilization, hypertension, and significant height impairment.
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 2015 Supplement 1
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 2015 Supplement 1
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 2015 Supplement 1
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 2015 Supplement 1
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 2015 Supplement 1
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 2015 Supplement 1
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 2015 Supplement 1
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 2015 Supplement 1
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 2015 Supplement 1
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 2015 Supplement 1
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 2015 Supplement 1
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 2015 Supplement 1
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 2015 Supplement 1
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 2015 Supplement 1
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 2015 Supplement 1
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 2015 Supplement 1