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  1. Genital measurements are a useful adjunct in the early detection of various endocrine conditions including hypopituitarism and disorders of sexual differentiation. Standards for genital sizes have been publish...

    Authors: Serwah Bonsu Asafo-Agyei, Emmanuel Ameyaw, Jean-Pierre Chanoine and Samuel Blay Nguah
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2017 2017:2
  2. Hypoparathyroidism in children is a heterogeneous group with diverse genetic etiologies. To aid clinicians in the investigation and management of children with hypoparathyroidism, we describe the phenotype of ...

    Authors: Mary B. Abraham, Dong Li, Dave Tang, Susan M. O’Connell, Fiona McKenzie, Ee Mun Lim, Hakon Hakonarson, Michael A. Levine and Catherine S. Choong
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2017 2017:1
  3. Rabson Mendenhall syndrome is a rare endocrine condition characterized by severe insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. It occurs due to mutations in the insulin receptor gene. Few mutations which are associate...

    Authors: Krishnapradeep Sinnarajah, M. B. K. C. Dayasiri, N. D. W. Dissanayake, S. T. Kudagammana and A. H. H. M. Jayaweera
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2016 2016:21
  4. In pediatric patients, basal testosterone and gonadotropin levels may be uninformative in the assessment of testicular function. Measurement of serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has become increasingly widesp...

    Authors: Nadia Y. Edelsztein, Romina P. Grinspon, Helena F. Schteingart and Rodolfo A. Rey
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2016 2016:20
  5. Long-term growth hormone (GH) treatments in short children born small for gestational age (SGA) restore lipid metabolism, but also increase insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influen...

    Authors: Reiko Horikawa, Toshiaki Tanaka, Hiromi Nishinaga, Yoshihisa Ogawa and Susumu Yokoya
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2016 2016:19
  6. We report the case of a 6 year old boy suffering from adenohypophysis aplasia as well as ectopic neurohypophysis and delayed diagnosis of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF).

    Authors: Laura Olbrich, Eva Schmidt, Ertan Mayatepek and Markus Vogel
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2016 2016:18
  7. Little is known about the comparative effects of different glucocorticoids on the adrenal and growth hormone (GH) axes in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). We sought to compare the effects of...

    Authors: Todd D. Nebesio, Jamie L. Renbarger, Zeina M. Nabhan, Sydney E. Ross, James E. Slaven, Lang Li, Emily C. Walvoord and Erica A. Eugster
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2016 2016:17
  8. Agranulocytosis is regarded as a rare side effect of methimazole (MMI) therapy that occurs in a dose dependent manner and that usually develops within the first 3–6 months of treatment. Although delayed develo...

    Authors: Vidya Puthenpura, Kinjal Desai, Andrew Bauer and Ian Marshall
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2016 2016:16
  9. In girls with Idiopathic Central Precocious Puberty (ICPP) concern has been raised by the potential impact of GnRH-analogues (GnRHa) treatment on body weight. We evaluated the effect of GnRHa on Body Mass Inde...

    Authors: A. J. Arcari, M. G. Gryngarten, A. V. Freire, M. G. Ballerini, M. G. Ropelato, I. Bergadá and M. E. Escobar
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2016 2016:15
  10. Insulinoma is a rare diagnosis in the general population with estimates of 1 in 250,000 people per year. Reports of these pancreatic islet cell tumors are even more unusual in children and adolescents. Chronic...

    Authors: Kelsee Halpin, Ryan McDonough, Patria Alba, Jared Halpin, Vivekanand Singh and Yun Yan
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2016 2016:14
  11. One third of infants with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) are said to have micropenis and/or bilateral or unilateral cryptorchidism leading many of them to orchiopexy. Our previous study in two ...

    Authors: Anne-Sophie Lambert and Pierre Bougneres
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2016 2016:13
  12. 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 (17βHSD3) deficiency is a rare cause of disorder of sex development (DSD) due to impaired conversion of androstenedione to testosterone. Traditionally, the diagnosis was...

    Authors: Chelsey Grimbly, Oana Caluseriu, Peter Metcalfe, Mary M. Jetha and Elizabeth T. Rosolowsky
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2016 2016:12
  13. Classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) requires lifetime steroid replacement and supraphysiologic glucocorticoid dose is often required for adequate adrenal androgen suppression. Patients often suffer fr...

    Authors: Urania Dagalakis, Ashwini Mallappa, Meredith Elman, Martha Quezado and Deborah P. Merke
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2016 2016:10
  14. Women with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have a four-fold increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to non-diabetic (non-DM) women, as opposed to double the risk in T1D men compared to non-DM men. It is...

    Authors: Talia L. Brown, David M. Maahs, Franziska K. Bishop, Janet K. Snell-Bergeon and R. Paul Wadwa
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2016 2016:8
  15. Adolescents with childhood onset growth hormone deficiency (CO-GHD) require re-evaluation of their growth hormone (GH) axis on attainment of final height to determine eligibility for adult GH therapy (rhGH).

    Authors: M. Ahmid, V. Fisher, A. J. Graveling, S. McGeoch, E. McNeil, J. Roach, J. S. Bevan, L. Bath, M. Donaldson, G. Leese, A. Mason, C. G. Perry, N. N. Zammitt, S. F. Ahmed and M. G. Shaikh
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2016 2016:6
  16. Hypopituitarism and obesity are causes of major lifelong morbidity in patients with optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH). Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) affects the majority of children with ONH, though the degree of...

    Authors: Carly Stewart, Pamela Garcia-Filion, Cassandra Fink, Anna Ryabets-Lienhard, Mitchell E. Geffner and Mark Borchert
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2016 2016:5
  17. Premature thelarche (PT) seems to be increasing and it is difficult to differentiate its early stages from precocious puberty (PP). Clinical and biochemical parameters are warranted to differentiate the two di...

    Authors: Mia Elbek Sømod, Esben Thyssen Vestergaard, Kurt Kristensen and Niels Holtum Birkebæk
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2016 2016:4
  18. Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) results from a number of conditions affecting the hypothalamic-neurohypophyseal system to cause vasopressin deficiency. Diagnosis of CDI is challenging, and clinical data and g...

    Authors: Janel D. Hunter and Ali S. Calikoglu
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2016 2016:3
  19. Parental support and care-coordination are vital for youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in achieving positive health outcomes. Yet, studies are rarely designed to identify factors that influence parent/youth col...

    Authors: Ashby Walker, Desmond Schatz, Cathryn Johnson, Janet Silverstein, Shannon Lyles and Henry Rohrs
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2016 2016:2
  20. We reviewed our institutional experience in the diagnosis and management of pediatric thyroid nodules and well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (WDTC), highlighting the unique challenges in this population.

    Authors: Wen Jiang, Robert O. Newbury and Ron S. Newfield
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2016 2016:1
  21. Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH) testing is used to evaluate suspected adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency, but the clinical characteristics that affect response in young children are incomplete...

    Authors: Mary Ellen Vajravelu, Jared Tobolski, Evanette Burrows, Marianne Chilutti, Rui Xiao, Vaneeta Bamba, Steven Willi, Andrew Palladino, Jon M. Burnham and Shana E. McCormack
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2015 2015:22
  22. Outcome information regarding females with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) have generally suggested poor quality of life (QoL), general maladjustment, problems regarding sexuality, and decreased...

    Authors: Mansi Kanhere, John Fuqua, Richard Rink, Christopher Houk, David Mauger and Peter A. Lee
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2015 2015:21
  23. The focal form of congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is characterized by a cluster of abnormal insulin-oversecreting β cells within a restricted area of the pancreas. Although identification of the focal lesion ...

    Authors: Yukiko Hashimoto, Azumi Sakakibara, Rie Kawakita, Yuki Hosokawa, Rika Fujimaru, Tetsuro Nakamura, Hiroko Fukushima, Aiko Igarashi, Michiya Masue, Hironori Nishibori, Nobuyoshi Tamagawa, Akiko Murakami, Kazue Hatake and Tohru Yorifuji
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2015 2015:20
  24. Turner syndrome (TS) and Noonan syndrome (NS) are distinct syndromes associated with short stature and other similar phenotypic features. We compared the responses to growth hormone (GH) therapy of TS and NS p...

    Authors: Peter A. Lee, Judith L. Ross, Birgitte Tønnes Pedersen, Primoz Kotnik, John A. Germak and Henrik T. Christesen
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2015 2015:17
  25. Cushing Syndrome is difficult to diagnose, and the comorbidities and persistent late effects of hypercortisolemia after treatment of the primary disease are challenging for the patient and the endocrinologist.

    Authors: Sara K. Bartz, Lefkothea P. Karaviti, Mary L. Brandt, Monica E. Lopez, Prakash Masand, Sridevi Devaraj, John Hicks, Lauren Anderson, Maya Lodish, Meg Keil and Constantine A. Stratakis
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2015 2015:19
  26. Turner syndrome is a chromosomal abnormality in which there is complete or partial absence of the X chromosome. Turner syndrome effects 1 in every 2000 live births. Short stature is a cardinal feature of Turne...

    Authors: Nicole M. Sheanon and Philippe F. Backeljauw
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2015 2015:18
  27. Pediatric pituitary adenomas are rare, accounting for <3 % of all childhood intracranial tumors, the majority of which are prolactinomas. Consequently, they are often misdiagnosed as other suprasellar masses s...

    Authors: Hoong-Wei Gan, Chloe Bulwer, Owase Jeelani, Michael Alan Levine, Márta Korbonits and Helen Alexandra Spoudeas
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2015 2015:15
  28. Gonadal dysgenesis (GD) is associated with increased risk of gonadal malignancy. Determining a patient’s risk and appropriate timing of gonadectomy is challenging, but immunohistochemical markers (IHM) may hel...

    Authors: Bonnie McCann-Crosby, Sheila Gunn, E. O’Brian Smith, Lefkothea Karaviti and M. John Hicks
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2015 2015:14
  29. Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is characterized by 4 to 6 months of amenorrhea and elevated serum FSH and LH in females less than 40 years. Ovarian insufficiency is uncommon in pediatrics and typically re...

    Authors: Julia Pederson, Rajiv B Kumar, Paula J Adams Hillard and Laura K Bachrach
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2015 2015:13
  30. Authors: Hyun Wook Chae, Ah Reum Kwon, Jung Min Ahn, Dae Ryong Kang, Ha Yan Kim, Sun Min Oh, Hyeon Chang Kim, Il Suh, Duk Hee Kim and Ho-Seong Kim
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2015 2015(Suppl 1):O27

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 2015 Supplement 1

  31. Authors: Young Ah Lee, Hang-Rae Kim, Jeong Seon Lee, Haewoon Jung, Hwa Young Kim, Kyung Min Lee, Ji Hyun Sim, Doo Hyun Chung, Choong Ho Shin and Sei Won Yang
    Citation: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2015 2015(Suppl 1):O25

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 2015 Supplement 1