Table 1 characteristics of 9 pediatric cases of a DTC reported during the last 20 years
Sex | Age | Complaints | TSH miU/L (ref) | fT3 pmol/L (ref) | fT4 pmol/l (ref) | Antibodies | US dimensions | US structure | Scintigraphy Activity in surrounding tissue | FNAC | Histology | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mircescu 2000 [8] | F | 11 y | Painless cervical mass right sided Tremor | ↓ 0.03 | 5.7 (1.0–2.8) | > 75 (8–18) | Undetectable | 45x37x28mm | Numerous cystic lesions | Suppresed activity | Not mentioned | PTC |
Tfayli 2010 [9] | F | 11 y | Heavy menses Fatigue Right thyroid mass | Undetectable | 5.9 (1.9–3.2) | 14.7 (9.4–23.7) | Undetectable | 30–35 mm | Large nonhomogenous nodule in right lobe | Remaining weak activity | Not diagnostic | PTC |
Damle 2011 [10] | M | 2 m | Right sided neck swelling since birth Clinical features of thyrotoxicosis | Thyrotoxicosis | Thyrotoxicosis | Thyrotoxicosis | Not mentioned | 34x22x20 mm | Nodule | Suppressed activity | Moderately cellular smear with clusters and sheets of epithelial cells | PTC |
F | 7 y | Palpitations and tremor Right nodule | 0.01 (0.5–4.5) | 7.4 (1.0–3.0) | 27.9 (5.8–15.4) | – | 50 × 50 mm | – | Suppressed activity | Epithelial cell clusters with nuclear overlapping, | Follicular variant of PTC | |
Gabalec 2013 [11] | F | 15 y | Thyroid nodule self-palpation Sweating Insomnia | 0.01 (0.3–5.6) | 30.6 (7–15.9) | Undetectable | 35x23x45mm | Asymmetrical, enlarged left lobe completely filled with heterogeneous well demarcated nodule | Suppressed activity | Suspicious | Follicular variant of PTC | |
Ruggeri 2013 [12] | F | 15 y | Painless mass Fatigue Weight loss Palpitations | 0.001 (0.27–4.2) | 7.7 (3.0–6.8) | 25.9 (11.6–21.9) | Undetectable | 35x30x21mm | Increase in size, intense intranodular bloodflow, isoechoic, nonhomogenous, regular margins, peripheral halo | Suppressed activity | – | Follicular variant of PTC |
Rees 2015 [13] | F | 16 y | Left thyroid mass. Weight loss, tremor, frequent bowel movement, hair loss. Feeling tearful and anxious | 0.03 (0.53–3.59) | 14.3 (3.5–7.7) | 39.4 (12–20.6) | Undetectable | 40 × 25 mm | Hyperechoic, hypervascular nodule | Suppressed activity | Follicular variant of PTC | |
Blackburn, 2018 [14] | F | 12 y | Right-sided neck swelling, increasing in size over the previous four weeks | ↓ < 0.03 3 | 9.1 (3.6–6.4) | 10.1 (9–19) | Undetectable | 21 × 17 × 17 mm | Heterogeneous highly vascular mass | Not mentioned | – | FTC |
Dy, 2018 [15] | F | 14 y | Left-sided palpable thyroid lesion, increasing sweats, tremors and tachycardia | 0.02 (0.4–5.6) | – | 18.0 (11.6–19.3) | Not mentioned | 34 × 21 × 29 mm | Hypoechoic, heterogeneous and hypervascular | Suppressed activity | Benign | FTC |