From: Adiponectin/resistin levels and insulin resistance in children: a four country comparison study
 | Males |  |  |  | Females |  |  |  |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Japan | Thailand | Italy | USA | Japan | Thailand | Italy | USA |
n | 97 | 247 | 168 | 45 | 85 | 223 | 144 | 45 |
Age | 12.5 ± 0.1 | 13.1 ± 0.0 | 12.3 ± 0.0 | 13.1 ± 0.2 | 12.6 ± 0.1 | 13.0 ± 0.0 | 12.3 ± 0.0 | 13.3 ± 0.2 |
Height (cm) | 155.6 ± 0.8b,c | 159.2 ± 0.5 | 154.9 ± 0.7d | 159.6 ± 2.0 | 153.2 ± 0.6c | 154.0 ± 0.4 | 154.9 ± 0.6 | 156.5 ± 1.0 |
Weight (kg) | 45.6 ± 1.0b,c | 55.3 ± 0.9 | 48.9 ± 0.9d,e | 58.1 ± 2.6 | 44.4 ± 1.0b,c | 49.9 ± 0.9f | 46.7 ± 0.8e | 58.4 ± 2.5 |
BMI | 18.7 ± 0.3a,b,c | 21.8 ± 0.3 | 20.2 ± 0.3d,e | 22.4 ± 0.7 | 18.8 ± 0.3b,c | 21.0 ± 0.3f | 19.3 ± 0.2e | 23.6 ± 0.9 |
Waist (cm) | 66.4 ± 0.8 | 76.8 ± 13.0 | NT | 68.6 ± 12.0 | 61.8 ± 1.0 | 68.4 ± 10.0 | NT | 67.1 ± 12.1 |
Systolic B.P. (mmHg) | 112 ± 1.5b,c | 116 ± 0.8f | 110. ± 1.0d,e | 122 ± 1.4 | 109 ± 1.5c | 111 ± 0.7 | 108 ± 1.2e | 115 ± 1.5 |
Diastolic B.P. (mmHg) | 60 ± 0.8b,c | 68 ± 0.6f | 60 ± 0.7d,e | 64 ± 1.1 | 59 ± 0.9a,b | 69 ± 0.5f | 62 ± 0.9d | 62 ± 1.0 |
HDL-C (mg/dl) | 64.6 ± 1.4b,c | 60.6 ± 0.8f | 60.9 ± 0.9e | 41.8 ± 1.2 | 64.0 ± 1.3a,b,c | 60.4 ± 0.8f | 59.5 ± 0.8e | 42.2 ± 1.5 |
TG (mg/dl) | 57.4 ± 3.4a,b,c | 73.5 ± 2.8f | 57.3 ± 2.6d,e | 105.0 ± 6.5 | 69.4 ± 3.3c | 70.8 ± 1.8f | 66.1 ± 2.3e | 111.9 ± 7.7 |
Insulin (μU/ml) | 8.3 ± 0.6a,c | 10.1 ± 0.7f | 12.8 ± 0.8d | 14.3 ± 1.4 | 9.0 ± 0.6a,c | 9.0 ± 0.5f | 15.5 ± 0.6d,e | 23.1 ± 2.8 |
Glucose (mg/dl) | 92.8 ± 0.6 | 92.6 ± 0.4 | 90.5 ± 6.0d | 91.7 ± 1.2 | 92.9 ± 0.7a,b,c | 89.5 ± 0.5 | 89.5 ± 0.5 | 89.2 ± 1.0 |
HOMA-IR | 1.95 ± 0.15a,c | 2.35 ± 0.18f | 2.91 ± 0.19 | 3.28 ± 0.33 | 2.10 ± 0.15a,c | 2.03 ± 0.13f | 3.45 ± 0.14d,e | 5.26 ± 0.7 |
Adiponectin (μg/ml) | 10.7 ± 0.5a | 10.2 ± 0.4f | 12.8 ± 0.4d | 13.0 ± 1.0 | 11.0 ± 0.4a,c | 12.0 ± 0.4 | 13.6 ± 0.4d | 13.2 ± 1.0 |
Resistin (μg/ml) | 14.8 ± 0.8a,b,c | 19.4 ± 1.3f | 9.9 ± 0.3d | 9.1 ± 0.6 | 16.4 ± 1.2a,c | 20.4 ± 1.6f | 11.3 ± 0.4d | 10.3 ± 0.6 |