From: Adiponectin/resistin levels and insulin resistance in children: a four country comparison study
 | Males | Females | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Japan | Italy | USA | Japan | Italy | USA |
n | 411 | 220 | 55 | 341 | 164 | 43 |
Age | 9.5 ± 0.0 | 9.4 ± 0.0 | 9.2 ± 0.1 | 9.6 ± 0.0 | 9.6 ± 0.0 | 9.6 ± 0.2 |
Height (cm) | 135.4 ± 0.3a,b | 138.3 ± 0.5 | 138.0 ± 1.3 | 135.9 ± 0.4a,b | 138.8 ± 0.6c | 143.2 ± 1.4 |
Weight (kg) | 32.8 ± 0.4a,b | 34.8 ± 0.5c | 41.0 ± 1.9 | 32.1 ± 0.4a,b | 34.5 ± 0.5c | 43.2 ± 1.9 |
BMI | 17.7 ± 0.2b | 18.0 ± 0.2c | 21.1 ± 0.7 | 17.2 ± 0.1a,b | 17.9 ± 0.2c | 20.8 ± 0.7 |
Waist (cm) | 60.6 ± 0.9 | NT | 68.6 ± 12.0 | 58.2 ± 0.4 | NT | 67.1 ± 12.1 |
Systolic B.P. (mmHg) | 108 ± 0.7a,b | 99.0 ± 0.9c | 113 ± 1.5 | 109 ± 0.7a,b | 98 ± 0.8c | 115 ± 1.4 |
Diastolic B.P. (mmHg) | 58 ± 0.4 | 58 ± 0.8 | 60 ± 1.2 | 58 ± 0.4b | 59 ± 0.8c | 64 ± 1.2 |
HDL-C (mg/dl) | 66.5 ± 0.6a,b | 61.5 ± 0.8c | 45.1 ± 1.5 | 65.0 ± 0.6a,b | 60.2 ± 0.8c | 48.3 ± 3.5 |
TG (mg/dl) | 67.1 ± 2.2a,b | 52.8 ± 2.1c | 105.0 ± 6.5 | 75.8 ± 2.3a,b | 61.7 ± 2.2c | 116.9 ± 7.6 |
Insulin (μU/ml) | 6.1 ± 0.6a,b | 9.6 ± 0.4 | 11.2 ± 2.0 | 7.9 ± 0.5a,b | 12.0 ± 0.5c | 18.0 ± 2.5 |
Glucose (mg/dl) | 91.1 ± 0.5a | 87.9 ± 0.6 | 90.1 ± 0.9 | 90.3 ± 0.5b | 86.7 ± 0.5 | 89.1 ± 1.5 |
HOMA-IR | 1.41 ± 0.15a,b | 2.11 ± 0.10 | 2.51 ± 0.45 | 1.79 ± 0.11a,b | 2.59 ± 0.12c | 4.16 ± 0.6 |
Adiponectin (μg/ml) | 12.0 ± 0.4a,b | 14.0 ± 0.4 | 14.0 ± 0.7 | 13.2 ± 0.4a | 14.9 ± 0.4 | 14.6 ± 1.0 |
Resistin (μg/ml) | 9.1 ± 0.5 | 10.1 ± 0.3c | 8.4 ± 0.3 | 10.6 ± 0.5 | 10.8 ± 0.3 | 9.1 ± 0.6 |