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Table 3 Blood pressure in obese children and adolescents classified based on percentage of the 95 th percentile for body mass index (BMI)

From: Severe obesity in children: prevalence, persistence and relation to hypertension

BMI > 95thpercentile

Normal blood pressure (BP)

Prehypertension

BP ≥95thpercentile*

Confirmed hypertension

Adjusted odds of hypertension

N = 12802

N = 5308

N = 2796

N = 166

OR (95% CI)†

100-109% × 95th percentile

5976 (67.2%)

2012 (22.6%)

903 (10.2%)

40 (0.5%)

-

110-119% × 95th percentile

3478 (62.9%)

1390 (25.2%)

659 (11.9%)

36 (0.7%)

1.5 (0.9 – 2.3)

120-129% × 95th percentile

1789 (56.8%)

866 (27.5%)

497 (15.8%)

24 (0.8%)

1.8 (1.1 – 3.0)

130-139% × 95th percentile

837 (49.5%)

515 (30.5%)

339 (20.1%)

26 (1.5%)

3.5 (2.1 – 5.8)

≥140% × 95th percentile

722 (43.9%)

525 (31.9%)

398 (24.2%)

40 (2.4%)

5.7 (3.6 – 8.9)

  1. row percentages.
  2. *For those with an index BP ≥95th percentile, up to 3 consecutive measurements were used to assign final BP status. Hypertension was defined by 3 consecutive BP ≥95th percentile (or SBP ≥140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥90 mmHg for subsequent BP at age ≥18 years of age). Within this subgroup, there were 1900 (67.9%) children and adolescents with repeat BP <95th percentile and 730 (26.1%) with no subsequent BP available for final assignment.
  3. †Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusted for differences in age, sex and race/ethnicity.