Skip to main content

Table 4 GRADE Evidence Profile Summarizing the Effect of TM versus Control.

From: The Impact of Telemedicine Interventions Involving Routine Transmission of Blood Glucose Data with Clinician Feedback on Metabolic Control in Youth with Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Quality assessment

Summary of findings

  
       

Number of patients

Effect

 

Importance

Number of

studies

Design

Limitations

Inconsistency

Indirectness

Imprecision

Other

considerations

Telemedicine

Control

Relative

(95% CI)

Absolute

Quality

 

HbA1c at closest point in time to end of intervention

7

Randomised trials

Serious1

No serious

inconsistency

Serious2

No serious

imprecision

None

243

242

—

MD 0.13 lower (0.36 lower to 0.11 higher)

OO

LOW

Critical

Severe Hypoglycemia

4

Randomised trials

Serious1

No serious

inconsistency

No serious

indirectness

Serious3

None

1/85 (1.2%)

0/68 (0%)

OR 2.78 (0.1 to 74.7)

0 more per 1000 (from 0 fewer to 0 more)

OO

LOW

Critical

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

4

Randomised trials

Serious1

No serious

inconsistency

No serious

indirectness

Serious3

None

2/85 (2.4%)

2/86 (2.3%)

OR 1.05 (0.14 to 7.8)

1 more per 1000 (from 20 fewer to 133 more)

OO

LOW

Critical

  1. MD: mean difference.
  2. OR: odds ratio.
  3. 1Plausible bias that seriously weakens confidence in the results.
  4. 2HbA1c is a surrogate marker of long-term complications of diabetes.
  5. 3Events were rare, and CI are wide around the estimate of effect.